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BioKDF Library Search

GREET (Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation)
The model is a vehicle fuel-cycle model for transportation systems. The model provides a set of outcomes that would involve feedstock production, biorefinery production, storage and consumer demand as the complete fuel-cycle. The data is internal to the model, but might be adaptive to different...
Authors: Michael Wang
Life Cycle Inventory of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel for Use in an Urban Bus
Biodiesel is a renewable diesel fuel substitute. It can be made from a variety of natural oils and fats. Biodiesel is made by chemically combining any natural oil or fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol. Methanol has been the most commonly used alcohol in the commercial production of...
Organization: NREL
Authors: Sheehan, J.
A Life Cycle Comparison of Electricity from Biomass and Coal
It has become widely accepted that biomass power offers opportunities for reduced environmental impacts compared to fossil fuel-based systems. Intuitively obvious are the facts that per kilowatt-hour of energy produced, biomass systems will emit less CO2 and consume less non-renewable energy.
Organization: NREL
Authors: Mann, Margaret
An Overview of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Life Cycles
Biodiesel is a renewable diesel fuel substitute that can be made by chemically combining any natural oil or fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol. Methanol has been the most commonly used alcohol in the commercial production of biodiesel. In Europe, biodiesel is widely available in both...
Organization: NREL
Authors: Sheehan, John
Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory for Fischer-Tropsch Fuels
This report discusses the development of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions estimates for the production of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) derived fuels (in particular, FT diesel), makes comparisons of these estimates to reported literature values for petroleum-derived diesel, and outlines strategies for...
Organization: Energy and Environmental Solutions, LLC.
Authors: Marano, John J.
Capturing and Sequestering CO2 from a Coal-Fired Power Plant - Assessing the Net Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
It is technically feasible to capture CO2 from the flue gas of a coal-fired power plant and various researchers are working to understand the fate of sequestered CO2 and its long term environmental effects. Sequestering CO2 significantly reduces the CO2 emissions from the power plant itself, but...
Organization: NREL
Authors: Spath, Pam
Life Cycle Assessment of Coal-Fired Power Production
Coal has the largest share of utility power generation in the U.S., accounting for approximately 56% of all utility-produced electricity (U.S. DOE, 1998). Therefore, understanding the environmental implications of producing electricity from coal is an important component of any plan to reduce total...
Organization: NREL
Authors: Spath, Pam
Quantifying Cradle-to-Farm Gate Life Cycle Impacts Associated with Fertilizer Used for Corn, Soybean, and Stover Production
Fertilizers used to increase the yield of crops used for food or bio-based products can migrate through the environment and potentially cause adverse environmental impacts. Nitrogen fertilizers have a complex biogeochemical cycle. Through their transformations and partitioning among environmental...
Organization: Potsdam University
Authors: Powers, Susan E.
Life Cycle Assessment Comparisons of Electricity from Biomass, Coal, and Natural Gas
A series of life cycle assessments (LCA) have been conducted on biomass, coal, and natural gas systems in order to quantify the environmental benefits and drawbacks of each. The power generation options that were studied are: (1) a biomass-fired integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) system...
Organization: NREL
Authors: Mann, M.K.
Life Cycle Assessment of a Biomass Gasification Combined-Cycle System
Electric power production from biomass has the potential to make significant contributions to the power mix in the U.S., and to do so with substantially fewer environmental impacts than current technologies. Using dedicated energy crops for power production will significantly close the carbon cycle...
Organization: NREL
Authors: Mann, Maggie
Using a Life Cycle Approach in Analyzing the Net Energy and Global Warming Potential of Power Production via Fossil Fuels with CO2 Sequestration Compared to Biomass
An analysis was performed at NREL to examine the global warming potential and energy balance of power generation from fossil and biomass systems including CO2 sequestration. To get the true environmental picture, a life cycle approach, which takes into account upstream process steps, was applied....
Organization: NREL
Authors: Spath, Pam
Environmental Aspects of Producing Electricity from a Coal-Fired Power Generation System - A Life Cycle Assessment
A life cycle assessment (LCA) of different coal-fired boiler systems was performed at NREL in collaboration with the Federal Energy Technology Center. Three designs were examined to evaluate the environmental aspects of current and future coal systems.
Organization: NREL
Authors: Spath, Pam
Coal Versus Biomass Electricity Generation - Comparing Environmental Implications Using Life Cycle Assessment
A life cycle assessment (LCA) on coal-fired power systems has been conducted to assess the environmental effects on a cradle-to-grave basis. Three different designs were studied: (1) a plant that represents the average emissions from coal-fired power plants in the U.S. today, (2) a plant that meets...
Organization: NREL
Authors: Spath, Pam
The Environmental Benefits of Cofiring Biomass and Coal
The generation of electricity, and the consumption of energy in general, often result in adverse effects on the environment. Coal-fired power plants generate over half of the electricity used in the U.S., and therefore play a significant role in any discussion of energy and the environment. By...
Organization: NREL
Authors: Spath, Pam
Life Cycle Inventory Modelling of Land Use Induced by Crop Consumption Part 1: Conceptual Analysis and Methodological Proposal
The actual land use consequences of crop consumption are not very well reflected in existing life cycle inventories. The state of the art is that such inventories typically include data from crop production in the country in which the crop is produced, and consequently the inventories do not...
Authors: Kl?verpris Jesper
Environmental, economic, and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels
Negative environmental consequences of fossil fuels and concerns about petroleum supplies have spurred the search for renewable transportation biofuels. To be a viable alternative, a biofuel should provide a net energy gain, have environmental benefits, be economically competitive, and be...
Authors: Hill, Jason
Accounting for indirect land-use changes in GHG balances of biofuels
A working paper review of current approaches to accounting for indirect land-use changes in green house gas balances of biofuels. This report reviews the current effort made worldwide to address this issue. A description of land-use concepts is first provided (Section 2) followed by a...
Organization: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
Authors: Gnansounou,Edgard
Impacts of biofuels on climate change, water use, and land use
Governments worldwide are promoting the development of biofuels in order to mitigate the climate impact of using fuels. In this article, I discuss the impacts of biofuels on climate change, water use, and land use. I discuss the overall metric by which these impacts have been measured and then...
Authors: Mark A. Delucchi
Greenhouse gas footprints of different biofuel production systems
The aim of this study is to show the impact of different assumptions and methodological choices on the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) performance of biofuels by providing the results for different key parameters on a consistent basis. These include co-products allocation or system expansion, N2O...
Authors: Ric Hoefnagels
Life-Cycle Assessment of Energy and Greenhouse Gas Effects of Soybean-Derived Biodiesel and Renewable Fuels
We assessed the life-cycle energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission impacts of the following three soybean-derived fuels by expanding, updating, and using Argonne National Laboratory’s Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation (GREET) model: (1) biodiesel produced from...
Simulation of the Process for Producing Butanol from Corn Fermentation
This study focuses on the simulation of a complete process for producing butanol via acetone, butanol, and ethanol corn fermentation.
IPCC SRREN - Chapter 2 on Bioenergy
The IPCC SRREN report addresses information needs of policymakers, the private sector and civil society on the potential of renewable energy sources for the mitigation of climate change, providing a comprehensive assessment of renewable energy technologies and related policy and financial...
Life cycle impacts of forest management and wood utilization on carbon mitigation: knowns and unknowns
This review on research on life cycle carbon accounting examines the complexities in accounting for carbon emissions given the many different ways that wood is used. Recent objectives to increase the use of renewable fuels have raised policy questions, with respect to the sustainability of managing...
Organization: College of Environment, University of Washington
Authors: Lippke, Bruce
Using a Life Cycle Assessment Approach to Estimate the Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Bioenergy
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a powerful tool that may be used to quantify the environmental impacts of products and services. It includes all processes, from cradle-to-grave, along the supply chain of the product. When analysing energy systems, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (...
Bioenergy in a Changing Climate: Key Findings of the IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources (SRREN) and Climate Change Mitigation
Provides a summary of the key findings of the IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources (SRREN) and Climate Change Mitigation.
Organization: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
FAO - Sustainability Aspects/Issues Addressed under the Initiatives Reviewed
Review of the sustainability aspects and issues covered within various bioenergy initatives inclusing social, economic, and environmental aspects.
U.S. Department of Energy
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